科研之友
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摘要
Atmospheric deposition is one of the important pathways for nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients to enter the aquatic ecosystems. The Tumenxigou catchment was selected as the study area, and atmospheric deposition was collected for one year (September 2019-August 2020) by precipitation and dust automatic sampler to study the atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposition characteristics around the water source of Miyun Reservoir. The contribution of atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposition to nitrogen and phosphorus input in the catchment and Miyun reservoir area was estimated by analyzing the monthly and seasonal variations of different forms of nitrogen and phosphorus fluxes in dry and wet atmospheric deposition and their influencing factors. The results show that: (1) The annual atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposition flux in Tumenxigou are 38.393 and 1.952 kg/(hm2·a), with significant seasonal variations. (2) Wet deposition is influenced by meteorological factors, such as: rainfall, temperature, and rainfall interval, etc. The fluxes of nitrogen and phosphorus are in the order of summer > spring > autumn > winter. The increase of temperature and longer rainfall interval will increase the wet deposition concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus, and the rainfall is directly related to the flux of atmospheric wet deposition. (3) Dry deposition is influenced by material sources and meteorological factors, and the flux of nitrogen and phosphorus deposition is high in summer and winter and low in spring and autumn, where wind direction and wind speed are important factors affecting the dry deposition of atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus. (4) The contribution of atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposition in the Tumenxigou catchment was 1 339.90 and 1.50 kg/a, accounting for 28.57% and 0.39% of its nitrogen and phosphorus output contribution. If we ignore the spatial variability, it is estimated that the deposition of total nitrogen and phosphorus into Miyun Reservoir through atmospheric deposition are 551.18 and 28.02 t. The study shows that atmospheric deposition is an essential part of the integrated management of non-point source pollution around Miyun Reservoir and should be given sufficient attention in the future.
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