污废水中污染物去除的功能材料研究进展：元素物质-合成改性-工艺工程的尺度效应

作者：Pang Zi-Jun; Qin Zhi; Chen A-Cong; Guan Xiang-Hong; Wei Geng-Rui; Li Ze-Min; Huang Hua; Wei Chao-Hai^*

来源：Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2024, 41(2): 190-216.

DOI：10.19894/j.issn.1000-0518.230309

• Environmentally functional materials
• Process engineering applications
• Selection of elemental substances
• Sustainability evaluation
• Synthesis and modification strategies
• Wastewater treatment

Organic pollutants，heavy metal ions，and viral microorganisms in sewage wastewater not only cause serious water pollution，but also pose a serious threat to human health and ecosystems. Effectively controlling the risks associated with sewage wastewater has become a crucial research direction for environmental protection and sustainable development. Environmental functional materials，as a category of auxiliary means with pollutant purification effects，have demonstrated tremendous technological potential in reducing water pollution risks. This study explores the current status and development in three scale aspects：selection of elemental substances， synthetic and modification strategies， and optimization of process engineering. The characteristics of new types of functional materials are introduced by taking carbon，silicon and metal elements as examples；the synthesis technologies are discussed in terms of solvothermal method，sol-gel method，co-precipitation method，chemical vapor deposition method，green synthesis method，and surface functionalization modification；regarding the application of process engineering，attention should be paid to the industrial generation/continuous operation of fixed bed-adsorption bed-fluidized bed，electric-light-magnetic，physics-chemistry-biology，recycling-regeneration-disposal，synergistic amplification effect；and evaluation is carried out in terms of performance，economy，environmental impact，and sustainability，emphasizing the goal of safety-stability-long-lasting-full loading-optimization for the application of process engineering technologies. The future development of environmental functional materials should focus on areas such as 3D printing materials in sewage and wastewater treatment， intelligent processes and smart management，crowdsourcing and information diagnosis，as well as quantum probes and field effects to provide new technological fields in terms of water quality improvement-material function excavation-sustainable recycling development. ? 2024 Science China Press.

• 单位
  华南理工大学