Effects of Altitude on Anthropometric and Physiological Patterns in Aymara and Non-Aymara Population Between 18 and 65 Years in the Province of Parinacota Chile (3.700 masl) Efectos de la Altura Sobre Patrones Antropom谷tricos y Fisiol車gicos en Poblaci車n Aymar芍 y no Aymar芍 entre 18 y 65 A os de la Provincia de Parinacota, Chile (3.700 msnm)

作者：O Espinoza Navarro; J Diaz; H Rodriguez; A Moreno

来源：International Journal of Morphology, 2011.

• Aymara
• Altura
• Antropometria
• Patrones fisiologicos
• Aymara
• Altitude
• Anthropometry
• Physiological patterns

The aim of the study was to compare anthropometric and physiological patterns in a sample of 522 Aymara and non-Aymara individuals from Parinacota, Chile (3.700m). After signing voluntary informed consent forms, the residents were separated in two age groups. Groups A: 18 to 35 years, and Group B: 36 to 65 years, by sex and Aymara and non-Aymara ethnicity. The results of this study determined that anthropometric anteroposterior diameter (DAP) are higher in Aymara population. Biacromial diameter (DBA) is significantly lower in the Aymara population. Aymara males between 18 and 35 years are smaller than non-Aymara males. Aymara women had significantly lower heart rates. The respiratory rate is significantly lower in Aymara males and females from 18 to 35 years. Partial oxygen saturation (SaO2) is higher in Aymara women, compared with non-Aymara women. The body mass index (BMI) did not differ within each group according to age, however, in comparison between groups, older individuals independent of sex and ethnicity have index of overweight and obesity. In forced vital capacity (FVC), there is no difference in ages however, while comparing between ages, older populations independent of sex and ethnicity presented significant decreases in this parameter. This may reflect mechanisms of adaptation to the high altitude of Aymara native populations living in the Andes. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar patrones antropom谷tricos y fisiol車gicos en una muestra de 522 individuos aymar芍 y no aymar芍 de la Provincia de Parinacota (3.700 msnm). Luego de la firma del consentimiento informado por los residentes se procedi車 a separar a los individuos en dos grupos et芍reos: poblaci車n de 18 a 35 a os y de 36 a 65 a os, seg迆n sexo y etnia aymar芍 y no aymar芍. Los resultados de este estudio determinan que los patrones antropom谷tricos de di芍metro antero posterior del t車rax son mayores en la poblaci車n aymar芍. El di芍metro biacromial, es significativamente menor en la poblaci車n aymar芍. Los varones aymar芍 de entre 18 a 35 a os son de menor tama o que los varones no aymar芍. Las mujeres aymar芍 presentan una disminuci車n significativa de la frecuencia cardiaca. La frecuencia respiratoria es significativamente menor en damas y varones aymar芍 de 18 a 35 a os. La saturaci車n parcial del ox赤geno es mayor en las damas aymar芍, respecto a mujeres no aymar芍. El 赤ndice de masa corporal no presenta diferencia dentro de cada grupo seg迆n edades, pero al comparar entre los grupos, los individuos de mayor edad independiente del sexo y la etnia presentan 赤ndice de sobrepeso y obesidad. La capaci