随着全直肠系膜切除术(total mesorectal excision,TME)及新辅助放化疗的运用,直肠癌切除术后局部复发率虽然有所下降,但仍高达5%~15%[1].局部复发直肠癌(locally recurrent rectal cancer,LRRC),尤其是经腹会阴切除术(APR)后确诊时,多已侵及盆腔脏器,尤其是膀胱等泌尿生殖系统,常规手术常难以切除或达到根治性切除.