科研之友
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摘要
The cold and arid rural areas in China are characterized as agro-pastoral ecotone, scattered villages, poverty, and insufficient financial resources. It was challenging to mitigate poverty and promote environmental quality in such rural areas, where the residential infrastructures were insufficient, incl., toilets, and municipal solid waste, livestock manure and sewage treatment facilities. The studied case of this work is Kulun County, Inner Mongolia, China. A rural courtyard ecological engineering model was designed and demonstrated in line with the cold and arid climatic characteristics and the fundamental elements of local courtyard, for achieving the bi-goals of alleviating poverty and improving the residential environmental quality. The key concept of that courtyard ecological engineering was integrating planting, livestock breeding, sanitary toilet, fresh water supply, and water cellar as a whole system, while multiple technologies were applied at rural courtyard scale, such as greenhouse for planting vegetables and placing environmental facilities, improved drinking water supply and lavatories, organic waste treatment and nutrient recycling, decentralized sewage treatment and water recycling, and so forth. Results showed that 6.6 t of livestock manure (0.14 t of nitrogen), 23.4 t of wastewater, and 38.5 t of rain water could be recycled for the greenhouse planting, which could break through the bottlenecks of low temperature and insufficient water and nutrients in the cold and arid areas. It can be applied to build complex ecological courtyards, which are eco-environmental friendly, intensive utilizing of resource and energy, and increasing economic benefits for low-income household. The findings can provide evidences to the practice of residential environmental governance and the rural revitalization strategy in the cold and arid rural areas of China.
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单位城市与区域生态国家重点实验室; 中国科学院大学
