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摘要
Snow mass in mountains areas is an important water source and can bring economic benefits to region? al development. Therefore, the amount of snow mass has a profound impact on regional water resources and eco? nomic development. The uncertainties in the spatial and temporal distribution of snow depth, snow cover and snow density, which integrally determine the amount of snow, result in the difficulties to determine the snow mass. This paper estimated the snow mass amount during the snow season（November to March ）and its differ? ent periods（accumulation, stable and melt period）in Tianshan Mountains over the past 40 years, and analyze its spatial and temporal distributions as well as its relationship with topographic and meteorological factors, us? ing the dataset of snow depth time series from 1979 to 2020 and the snow density retrieving from the Fengyun 3B Microwave Radiation Imager（FY-3B/MWRI）. The results showed that：（1）snow mass in the Tianshan Moun? tains varied in different periods from 1979 to 2020, i. e. the snow mass in the stable period was the largest, fol? lowed by the ablation period and the smallest in the accumulation period. The maximum and minimum values of snow mass in snow season appeared in 1979 and 1998, respectively. The snow mass showed a slight downward trend during the study period, but a significant downward trend during the ablation period. （2）The spatial pat? tern of mean snow mass is consistent with snow depth and snow density during the study period, i. e. high in northwest and low in southeast. （3）The spatial distribution of snow mass is mainly affected by altitude and slope, and the snow mass is positively correlated with altitude. The higher the altitude , the higher snow mass. The slope below 15° has a great impact on snow mass, and the greater the slope within the 15° limit, the higher the snow mass. （4）The multi-year variation of snow mass in different periods is closely related to air tempera? ture. The lower the air temperature in certain range, the greater the snow mass. The change of snow mass in the stable period is also affected by precipitation in the accumulation period, i. e. higher precipitation, and more snow mass. The results of estimated snow mass in Tianshan Mountains based on the snow depth and density retrieved from remote sensing data may provide a reference for water resources utilization and economic develop? ment in Xinjiang under the condition of climate change.
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