Constructed wetland in wastewater treatment = Uso de ※wetland§ constru赤do para tratamento de res赤duos

作者：Lucia Helena Sipauba Tavares; Francisco Manoel de Souza Braga

来源：Acta Scientiarum - Biological Sciences, 2008.

• effluent
• wastewater
• physical and chemical parameters
• macrophyte
• efluente
• residuos
• variaveis fisico-quimicas
• macrofita

Physical and chemical variables of soil and water were measured todetermine the effectiveness of a constructed wetland for wastewater treatment. Eight different macrophyte species, namely Eichhornia crassipes, Alternanthera philoxerodos, Heteranthera reniformis, Hydrocotyle umbeliferae, Ludwigia elegan, Ludwigia sericea, Myriophyllum aquaticum and Thypha domingensis, were transplanted. Inlet water and outlet water were the two sampling sites evaluated. There were significant differences (p %26lt; 0.05) when limnological characteristics between inlet and outlet water from the constructed wetland were compared. In general, dissolved oxygen was over 4 mg L-1, and conductivity was high, above 80 mS cm-1. Chlorophyll-a levels generally tended to decrease at the wetland outletand were higher during the rainy period (fish growth period). Results show that ammonia, total phosphorus, BOD5, phosphorus and organic matter in the sediment removals in the constructed wetland were higher, indicating that macrophytes played an important role inremoving these variables. The use of constructed wetland is a viable technology for the biological treatment in aquaculture and swine wastewater. Vari芍veis f赤sico-qu赤micas da 芍gua e do solo foram avaliadas a fim de verificar a efici那ncia de um ※wetland§ constru赤do no tratamento de res赤duos. Foram escolhidas oito esp谷cies de macr車fitas baseadas na capacidade de reten o e disponibilidade no local de estudo. Dentreelas est o: Eichhornia crassipes, Alternanthera philoxerodos, Heteranthera reniformis, Hydrocotyle umbeliferae, Ludwigia elegan, Ludwigia sericea, Myriophyllum aquaticum e Thypha domingensis.Foram amostrados dois pontos um na entrada e outro na sa赤da de 芍gua do ※wetland§. Diferen as significativas (p %26lt; 0,05) foram observadas entre a entrada e sa赤da do ※wetland§ em rela o 角s vari芍veis limnol車gicas. Em geral, foram observadas concentra es de oxig那niodissolvido acima de 4 mg L-1 e de condutividade, acima de 80 mS cm-1. As concentra es de clorofila-a decresceram ao passar pelo ※wetland§, sendo mais elevadas no per赤odo de chuva (per赤odo de engorda de peixe). Am nia, f車sforo total, DBO5, f車sforo e mat谷ria organica dosedimento decresceram ao passar pelo ※wetland§ constru赤do para indicar a efici那ncia desse sistema. Assim, essa tecnologia biol車gica (macr車fitas aqu芍ticas) apresenta-se como uma op o adequada para melhoria de efluentes de aquicultura e de suinocultura.