科研之友
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摘要
objective: to analyze the prevalence of asthma and asthma symptoms in students of two distinct age brackets residing in the city of tangar芍 da serra, brazil. methods: cross-sectional, population-based study of the prevalence of asthma in children from 6 to 7 years of age and adolescents from 13 to 14, using the standardized international study of asthma and allergies in childhood, phase 1 questionnaire, validated for use in brazil. students who responded affirmatively to question 2 (presence of wheezing in the preceding 12 months) were classified as suffering from asthma. results: the study comprised 3,362 students, of whom 1,634 (48.6%) were children and 1,728 (51.4%) were adolescents. of the 1,634 children, 816 (49.9%) were male, and 818 (50.1%) were female. of the 1,728 adolescents, 773 (45.0%) were male, and 955 (55.0%) were female. the prevalence of asthma among the children was 25.2%, whereas that among the adolescents was 15.9% (聿2 = 8.34; p = 0.00). the children presented higher prevalences of the following symptoms of asthma than did the adolescents: wheezing ever (54.3%), nocturnal dry cough (43.9%), wheezing in the preceding 12 months (25.2%), and from 1 to 3 attacks of wheezing in the preceding 12 months (19.1%). there were no differences between the two groups regarding physician-diagnosed asthma (approximately 4.5%). there were no statistical differences regarding the prevalence of asthma by gender in the two groups. conclusions: tangar芍 da serra has a high prevalence of asthma in children and adolescents, and this result is compatible with other studies carried out in brazil and latin america using the same methodology.
