卵泡的发育(development)与闭锁(atresia)除受到垂体分泌的促卵泡生成素(follicle stimulating hormone,FSH)和促黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)的内分泌调节外,卵巢内局部调控,尤其是卵母细胞自身分泌的生长因子对卵泡的生长启动尤为重要.