科研之友
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摘要
To understand the characteristics and ecological risk of wastewater produced by a large-scale piggery in Guangdong Province, 19 antibiotics of the macrolides（MAs）, quinolones（QLs）, sulfonamides（SAs）, tetracyclines（TCs）from pig feeds, untreated wastewater, treated wastewater, and associated fishpond water were detected using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry over two years. The efficiencies of wastewater treatment facilities were compared as well. The ecological risk of treated wastewater usage and associated fishpond water was assessed following the risk quotient（RQ）method. The results indicated that only four kinds of TCs were detected in pig feeds. The total concentration of TCs in feeds was approximately 1 867~181 050 μg · kg-1, and oxytetracycline（OTC）and chlortetracycline（CTC）were dominant. Besides TCs, QLs and SAs were also detected in untreated wastewater, with average concentrations of 42 393.81, 1 791.41 μg·L-1, and 4 144.28 μg·L-1, respectively. Among these antibiotics, OTC and TC were dominant（19 555.70 μg · L-1 and 18 654.86 μg · L-1）. MAs, QLs, SAs, and TCs were detected in treated wastewater with mean concentrations of 0.01, 0.10, 21.24 μg · L-1, and 388.02 μg · L-1, respectively. Among these antibiotics, OTC recorded the highest concentration（381.56 μg·L-1）. Additionally, our results also showed that both aerobic and anaerobic treatments could effectively degrade the QLs, SAs, and TCs residuals in wastewater. Compared with untreated wastewater, 99.9%, 85.5%, and 98.9% of QLs, SAs, and TCs were degraded by the aeration tank, whereas the biogas tank removed 91.9%, 96.5%, and 18.8% of QLs, SAs, and TCs, respectively. After treatment, the total amount of antibiotic residuals discharged was 910.29 μg·d-1·pig-1, and TCs responded to 94.24% of the total residuals. RQ analysis showed that enrofloxacin, sulfadimidine, OTC, and TC were the primary high-risk pollutants in treated wastewater from the large-scale piggery, and sulfadiazine was the high-risk pollutant in fishpond water, suggesting that treated wastewater and fish pond water pose high ecological risks.
