肾病综合征(NS)患者的血栓栓塞发生率极高,为40%~60%,最常见为肾静脉血栓(renal vein thrombosis,RVT),占20%~45%,其次为深静脉血栓(deep vein thrombosis,DWT)和肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE),分别占25%和15%~20%.