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摘要
Objective To investigate the prevalence of retinopathy in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Heilongjiang province and analyze its related factors. Methods This study was a cross sectional study. Hospitalized T2DM patients with complete clinical data in 15 hospitals in Heilongjiang province from January to December 2018 were retrospectively enrolled. We collected the general data and laboratory indicators and divided the patients into diabetic retinopathy (DR) group and no DR group according to non-mydriatic fundus photography. We investigated the prevalence of retinopathy among hospitalized T2DM patients in Heilongjing province and logistic regression was used to conduct univariate and multivariate analyses on DR. Results Fifteen thousand four hundred and eighteen hospitalized T2DM patients were included in the study. The prevalence of DR in hospitalized T2DM patients in Heilongjiang province was 34.5% (n=5 312), the age-gender-standardised prevalence of DR was 25.6%. Compared to no DR group, the DR group had more family history of diabetes, smoking and drinking history, and hypertension, older age, longer course of disease, higher fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), creatinine (Cr), potassium, sodium, and fibrinogen, lower red blood cell count, hemoglobin, platelets, fasting C peptide, triglycerides (TG), alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, blood uric acid (SUA), calcium and magnesium, SUA/Cr and TG/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the course of diabetes (OR=1.097, 95%CI 1.089 to 1.104), family history (OR=1.262, 95%CI 1.150 to 1.384), hypertension (OR=1.326, 95%CI 1.214 to 1.447), drinking history (OR=1.241, 95%CI 1.130 to 1.364), and HbA1c≥7% (OR=1.415, 95%CI 1.274 to 1.572) were independent risk factors for DR. For SUA/Cr compared with Q1, the risk of DR in patients in Q3 and Q4 groups was 0.884 and 0.796, respectively. For TG/HDL-C, the risk of DR in patients in the Q3 and Q4 groups was 0.837 and 0.680, respectively, compared with the Q1 group. Conclusions The prevalence of DR was relatively high in hospitalized T2DM patients in Heilongjiang province. Diabetes course, family history, HbA1c≥7%, hypertension, and drinking history were independent risk factors for DR, and SUA/Cr was an independent protective factor for DR. ? 2022 Authors.
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