摘要

通过对2004—2018年苹果主产省份的技术效率测算,并分析其变化趋势及影响因素,进而发掘苹果生产技术效率的增长点。在利用随机前沿生产函数模型测算生产技术效率的基础上进一步构建效率损失模型分析影响因素。结果表明:我国整体的苹果生产技术效率均值为0.797 7,年际变化整体呈现上升趋势,但变化幅度较小;从地区来看,山东省、河南省的技术效率基数较大,甘肃省、辽宁省的技术效率年均增长率较高;影响因素分析的结果显示,公路路网密度和上一期苹果售价对技术非效率项具有显著的负向影响,而农家肥使用比例和成灾比对于技术非效率项具有正向影响。我国整体苹果生产技术效率提升效果不明显,且地区间技术效率差异较大。公路路网密度和上一期苹果售价对效率提升具有积极作用,农家肥使用比例和成灾比对效率提升具有限制作用。

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