科研之友
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摘要
The development of maritime trade has greatly promoted the development of diesel engines.However,with the increasingly serious environmental problems,more and more attention has been paid to the exhaust emissions of high-power marine diesel engines.The restrictions on SOx have been implemented globally,and the limitation of the NOx will be the next priority.This paper illustrates(a) Principle and research progress of NOx emissions-reduction technology of marine diesel engine;(b) Summary of advantages and disadvantages among various reduction technologies and their reduction effects;(c) The application effect of mainstream technology on board.Firstly,since exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) can achieve Tier-Ⅲ directly from Tier-Ⅰ without considering the increased fuel consumption.It is deemed as the most promising technology to reduce emissions by controlling combustion condition.However,EGR has shortcomings of excessive increase in fuel consumption and generation of waste water,which need to be solved immediately.Secondly,selective catalytic reduction(SCR) is the most effective and straightforward means to achievc Tier-Ⅲ.Despite of the continuous optimization of SCR unit volume,the problem of scrap catalyst seriously limits its wide application.How to match the supercharger more efficiently is a key factor in choosing between high and low pressure SCR.Thirdly,nature gas(NG) engines are capable of achieving a reduction in NOx,but in order to meet the requirements of Tier-Ⅲ,it still needs to be assisted by other technologies.The emissions of hydrocarbon(HC) and CO in NG engines are huge defects that must be solved.Lastly,technologies such as the Miller cycle,Two-stage supercharging and mixed-water combustion can also reduce emissions but were rarely used alone.These technologies can be combined with EGR,SCR and NG engines to optimize the engines’ economy and emission characteristics.
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