摘要
<正>The ongoing collision and continuous compression between the Indian and Eurasian plates began 55 Ma ago [1–3]; this process created the magnificent Tibetan Plateau, the highest-elevation landform on the Earth today. Studies have shown that a continent–continent collision occurred not only south of the Tibetan Plateau but also north of the plateau [4]. However, compared with the evident subduction mode in the south (where the Indian Plate clearly subducts northward under the Tibetan Plateau)[5,6],