“how many和how much”的用法知多少

作者：张丽

来源：语数外学习(初中版下旬), 2020, (03): 34-35.

<正>在英语中,how many和how much都可以用来表示数量的多少不少同学由于对how many和how much的用法混淆不清,导致出错。对此,笔者做了如下归纳,以期能够帮助同学们准确理解。how many和how much的区别how many,意为"多少",通常用于询问事物或人的具体数量,后面往往紧跟可数名词的复数形式。故在对there be句型提问时,其be动词宜用"are",其结构形式为"How many+可数名词复数+are there+其他"。比如:(1)How many格"。若觉得价格昂贵,可以说"That’s much A. What B. Which too dear";价格便宜,则可以用"That’s/It’s very/C. How much D. How many quite cheap"回答。如:A:How much is this(4)—bikes can you see in street?schoolbag? B:It’s 100 yuan. A:That’s much too(How many, How much)dear.A:这个书包多少钱?B:100元。A:太贵了。(5)You don’t know____I wanted to see(2)用于物体重量的询问,相当于"What is you. It’s two years since I last saw you.(how the weight of..."。如:(1)—How much does the many, how much)sheep weigh?—50 kilos.——这只羊有多(6)The small radio costs 50 dollars.(对画线重?——50公斤。(相当于:What is the weight of部分提问)the sheep?)(2)—How much do you want to buy?—【答案解析】(1)句意:——在中国买一辆车Six kilos, please.——你想要买多少?——6公需要花费多少钱?——它的价格可以低至5万斤。元,高达50万元。询问价格,应用"How much",(3)用于数字计算结果的询问,相当于故正确答案为D项。(2)句意:——做水果沙拉"what",其后的谓语动词多用单数形式。需要多少香蕉?——让我想想……我们需要四如:—How much is nine plus five?—It’s four-根香蕉。bananas为可数名词复数,对可数名词teen.——九加五等于多少?——等于十四。提问,要用"How many",故正确答案为C。(3)句how many和how much用法演练意:你喝了多少茶?tea为不可数名词,对不可(1)—does a car cost in China?数名词提问,要用"How much",故正确答案为—It can cost as little as 50,000 yuan and as C。(4)bikes为可数名词复数,故要填"How much as 500,000 yuan.many";(5)句意:你不知道我有多么想再见你一A. How price B. How money面。自从上次看见你已经有两年了。结合语境C. How many D. How much可知,此句中疑问词主要描述想念的程度,为不(2)—bananas do we need to make fruit可数,故要用"how much"。(6)对商品价格提问,salad?要用How much,故此句正确答案是:How much—Let me think...we need four bananas.does the radio cost?A. How long B. How much总之,尽管how many和how much意义相C. How many D. How often同,然而其用法却截然不同。同学们在平时的(3)—tea did you have?英语学习中,要注意归纳总结相似短语,加强对—Three cups.比分析,从而深化理解,提高运用能力。