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摘要
In this paper, the employment impact of environmental regulation was identified as the labor input related pollutant emission elasticity, the environmental regulation related pollutant emission elasticity, and the relative cost of environmental regulation. An empirical test based on the panel data from 2003 through 2017 revealed that environmental regulation adversely impacted the overall employment of the manufacturing industry (particularly in labor-intensive industries, research, and non-research personnel in the industries). However, it had a positive impact on technology-intensive sectors and non-research personnel's employment in the industries. However, the impact on capital-intensive industries remained negligible. Furthermore, the results yielded in the elasticity, and relative cost calculation demonstrates that labor-intensive industries subjected to the negative impact such as scale (decrease), crowding out, and technological substitution. Contrastingly, the technology-intensive industries are positively promoted by the scale (increase) effect and job-creation effect. The capital-intensive industries remain unaffected by the impact. Therefore, relevant departments are encouraged to implement measures such as providing subsidies to compensate for emission reduction costs, organize training sessions for the labor force, and cultivating new environmental protection industries to alleviate the negative impact of environmental regulation on employment.
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