科研之友
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摘要
Sludge bulking caused by excessive growth of filamentous bacteria is a huge challenge for the stable operation of sewage biological treatment system, which could cause the difficult solid-liquid separation, the effluent water quality deterioration, even the collapse of the overall sewage treatment system. Among them, sludge bulking phenomenon induced by Microthrix parvicella could cause serious consequences due to its common occurrence, thus its prevention and control are particularly important in the daily operation of sewage process. At present, the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Microthrix parvicella are still not well understood because the growth of its pure culture is extremely low under the lab conditions, then it is quite difficult to establish a targeted general control strategy. Based on the investigation of the sludge bulking phenomenon in the actual sewage treatment plants and the simulation experiments using the mixed culture system, the results showed that Microthrix parvicella has a competitive growth advantage under the environment conditions of low temperature(12~15 ℃), low sludge load(organic calculated by COD) (<0.1 kg?(kg?d)-1(calculated by MLSS)) and high long-chain fatty acid concentration (more than twelve carbon). The omics analysis also confirmed that this bacteria presented good absorption to long-chain fatty acids. For sludge bulking caused by filamentous bacteria, the control methods include non-specific technologies (bactericides dosing) and specific technologies (flocculants addition, process operation parameters adjustment). However, these conventional technologies for Microthrix parvicella control have the problems of slow effect, high cost and poor universality. So far, the effective control measures for microbial-induced sludge bulking have been lacking. Therefore, this review systematically summarizes the current knowledge of physicochemical characteristics and growth characteristics of Microthrix parvicella at home and abroad, and introduces the control methods of this bacteria expansion phenomenon during the actual process operation, and proposes the possible control strategies which have an important practical significance for future research directions.
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