科研之友
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摘要
Ship emission is one of the major contributors to the anthropogenic emissions in China and therefore poses obvious impacts on air quality and human health. Previous studies had developed several sets of ship emissions in China but none of them quantified the impacts. In this paper, based on an air quality simulation platform (WRF-SMOKE-CMAQ), which covers all water areas of China, and AIS-based ship emissions in 2013,we used the Brute-force method (BFM) to quantify the impact of ship emissions on air quality in coastal areas of China. The temporal variation of impacts and its key driving factors were also investigated. Results show that 5% (1.1 μg?m-3) of SO2 concentrations, 7% (1.7 μg?m-3) of NO2 concentrations and 2% (0.9 μg?m-3) of PM2.5 concentrations in coastal provinces can be attributed to ship emissions. Particularly, these contributions increase in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, such as 14%, 13%,4% in YRD, and 30%, 31%,8% in PRD. The seasonal variation of impacts on air quality is obvious, especially in terms of the spatial distribution of PM2.5 concentrations. In the three urban agglomerations, the maximum difference among seasons can reach 1.3~2 for SO2, 1.2~4 for NO2 and 1.8~7.5 for PM2.5. The impact on PM2.5 formation is geographical variance regional and shows complex. This study provides robust support for health impact studies and cost-effectiveness analysis.
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