科研之友
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摘要
From the first impoundment of the Three Gorge Reservoir (TGR) in 2003 to the completion of the construction project in 2012, the water environment evolution in the initial operation period of the TGR still lacks overall and comprehensive scientific understanding although there are many related studies. Based on multi-parameter tracking observation of the water environment, and through field observations, laboratory experiments, mathematical statistics, model simulation, isotope analysis and conservative ion tracing, the hydrodynamic variation and the accompanying water environment evolution characteristics (characterized by high water level variation) were systematically analyzed. From the perspective of hydrodynamics, water quality, water ecology and pollutant transport, the four major effects of the water environment evolution are proposed, namely the differentiation effect of hydrodynamic characteristics of mainstream and tributaries, the synchronization effect of the upstream-mainstream-tributary water environment evolution, the stress effect of hydrodynamic changes on algae blooms, and the additive effect of hydrodynamic changes on pollution source hazards under the same load conditions. Considering that the succession and stability of the large-scale reservoir ecosystem is a long-term process, taking the unpredictable impact of upstream cascade hydropower development in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River into account, it is recommended to continue the follow-up investigation and research of the TGR water environment evolution process. In addition, it is also necessary to carry out the post assessment of the impact of the Three Gorges Project on the water environment.
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