科研之友
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摘要
Based on hourly concentration of ozone (O3) and other three pollutants (fine particles with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2)) released by the Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection from 2015 to 2017, and the meteorological data archived by National Climatic Data Center, the situation of ground-level O3 pollution in China was analyzed. The factors influencing summer ground-level O3 in heavily polluted areas was evaluated by stepwise regression. The results showed that the annual mean of daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration (O3 MDA8) in China during the years of 2015 2017 were 83.02±16.79, 87.05±14.32 and 94.70±13.89 mg?m-3 respectively. The exceeding rates of O3 MDA8 were 6.61% ±6.47%, 6.74% ±6.25% and 8.95% ±7.61% respectively. The ground-level O3 pollution in China is very heavy and the situation is becoming worse. The concentration of O3 MDA8 increased (growth rate was 14.07%) from 2015 to 2017, with the fastest increase in winter (growth rate ranged from 14.67% to 34.32%) and the slowest increase in summer (growth rate ranged from 2.32% to 14.16%), which could be attributed to the growing concentration of O3 in background. Summer was the most polluted season of ground-level O3, with exceeding rate of 14.93% ±16.31%, while the exceeding rate were 8.92% ±9.27% in spring, 5.49% ±6.80% in autumn and 0.28% ±1.27% in winter. The ground-level O3 pollution in the five most developed areas of China, i. e. Jinjingji, Yangtze River delta, Shangdong Peninsula, Chuanyu and Central China regions, was heavier than other areas. Temperature, relative humidity and PM2.5 were the main factors affecting O3 MDA8 in these five heavily polluted areas. In addition, the O3 MDA8 in Jinjingji and Chuanyu were more affected by NO2 compared to the other three heavily polluted areas, which could be explained by the large number of vehicles in these two areas. The O3 MDA8 in Central China regions were more affected by CO than in other areas, which could be attributed to the large usage of coal in this area. This study is helpful to deeply understand the current situation of O3 pollution in China, and provides a reference for policy maker to formulate targeted prevention and control measures.
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