科研之友
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摘要
Bien des combattants belges de 14-18 nous ont pr谷sent谷 la justice militaire comme r谷pressive et profond谷ment in谷galitaire. Cependant certains d＊entre eux nous renvoient simultan谷ment l＊image d＊une institution en crise, incapable de faire face 角 la situation : les condamn谷s 谷chappent 角 l＊ex谷cution et sont envoy谷s 角 l＊arri豕re, 角 l＊abri des bombes. La r谷alit谷 p谷nale nous r谷v豕le toutefois un nombre de condamnations relativement 谷lev谷 tout au long du conflit. A contrario, les condamnations 角 mort sont rares et les ex谷cutions plus encore. L＊immense majorit谷 des peines ne sont pas appliqu谷es dans leur enti豕ret谷. Les soldats condamn谷s sont envoy谷s massivement dans des compagnies de correction. L＊objectif de ces compagnies est d＊offrir une seconde chance 角 ces condamn谷s mais aussi et surtout de d谷jouer les man uvres de ceux qui veulent se soustraire aux dangers du front. La justice militaire, bien que critiqu谷e par les soldats belges dans leurs 谷crits en tant que partie int谷grante du syst豕me militaire, n＊est cependant pas cause d＊une remise en question de la guerre. La mobilisation du soldat belge pour la dur谷e du conflit est donc probablement le r谷sultat d＊un m谷lange d%26apos;adh谷sion et de contrainte. Notons toutefois que l%26apos;ob谷issance requise par l%26apos;arm谷e semble avoir 谷t谷 accept谷e par la grande majorit谷 des combattants. Quite a lot of Belgian combatants from World War I showed how the military justice was repressive and utterly unequal. But some of them also pointed the failure of the military justice in crisis, unable to deal with the situation. The sentenced combatants escaped their condemnation to death, and were sent to the back of the front line, safe from bomb attacks. However the penal reality showed that the number of sentences was constantly relatively important throughout the conflict. On the other hand sentences to death and above all executions were unusual, and the great majority of the sentences were not entirely enforced. The sentenced soldiers were massively sent to disciplinary companies. The aim was to give them the opportunity of a second chance and above all to foil the plans of those who tried to escape from the dangers on the front line. The Belgian soldiers criticized the military justice for being an integral part of the military system. Nevertheless the combatant reports didn＊t question the war itself. So the mobilization of the Belgian soldiers during the conflict seemed to be a mixture of adherence and duress. Strange though, the obedience to the army seemed to be accepted by the great majority of the combatants. Para muchos combatientes be
