科研之友
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摘要
The study of carbon budget and carbon compensation zoning from the perspective of major function-oriented zoning is of great significance for formulating low-carbon development strategies for each functional area, promoting the collaborative governance of regional ecological environment and achieving high-quality development, as well as an important contribution of geographical thinking to the realization of emission peak and carbon neutrality. This paper first constructs the theoretical framework of carbon budget and carbon compensation from the perspective of major function-oriented zoning, and then takes 157 county-level units of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration as the study area, and introduces the Concentration Index, Normalized Revealed Comparative Advantage Index and the SOM- K-means model to study the spatio-temporal differentiation of carbon budget and carbon compensation zoning of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration from the perspective of major function-oriented zoning. The study puts forward a spatial optimization scheme of carbon emission reduction oriented by low- carbon development. The results show that: (1) From 2000 to 2017, the carbon budget of the study area shows an upward trend of volatility, and its centralization index is higher than the "warning line" of 0.4, and overall, there are large regional differences. (2) There are significant regional differences in carbon budget, and carbon emissions show a core-periphery spatial pattern with Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan as the main high-value center with a gradually decreasing outward; however, the spatial pattern of carbon absorption tends to be stable, showing an inverted "U-shaped" pattern, which is high in the east, north and west, and low in the middle and south. (3) The carbon budget of the study area is consistent with the strategic positioning of the major function-oriented zoning. Optimized development zone and key development zone are the main pressure-bearing areas of carbon emissions, while key ecological functional zone is the dominant area of carbon absorption. The difference of carbon absorption centralization index among functional zones is smaller than that of carbon emission centralization index. (4) There are 53 payment areas, 64 balance areas and 40 obtaining areas in the study area. Combined with the strategic objectives of the major function-oriented zoning, 9 types of carbon compensation space optimization areas are finally formed, and the low-carbon development directions and strategies are proposed for each type of area. (5) In the future, it is urgent to strengthen the research on carbon balance and horizontal carbon compensation in a more micro scale, enrich the theoretical framework of regional carbon compensation, integrate regional horizontal carbon compensation into the carbon trading market, and explore the diversified paths so as to achieve the goal of emission peak and carbon neutrality.
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