科研之友
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摘要
China is in the critical period of transforming from the oil and gas era to the renewable energy era. The changes of China's energy demand structure and energy utilization form determine that the energy interaction logic between China and the rest of the world has undergone profound changes. In order to better understand the process of energy interaction between China and the rest of the world, this study discusses the basic theoretical cognition of global energy interaction, and analyzes the pattern and changes of energy interaction between China and the rest of the world with the help of complex network, multi-region input-output analysis and other technical methods. It is found that the scope of energy interaction between China and the rest of the world is expanding and deepening. China has gradually shaped a diversified world energy map, converting from oil and gas to renewable energy trade, from oil and gas based investment to diversified energy investment, and from conventional energy trade to embodied energy trade. The main conclusions are as follows. (1) The coal-based energy production structure and the huge demand for oil and gas determine that ensuring overseas oil and gas supply is the most direct logic of energy interaction between China and the rest of the world, and the interaction areas are mainly concentrated in oil and gas rich countries and regions. (2) With the development of renewable energy, the logic of energy interaction between China and the rest of the world has changed from oil and gas to renewable energy related products trade. With the comparative advantages in China's manufacturing, the scope of interaction has expanded from countries and regions rich in oil and gas to countries with global renewable energy development and installation needs, forming a renewable energy trade map covering major countries and regions in the world. (3) China's overseas energy investment target has expanded from a limited number of host countries to other regions such as Europe and Southeast Asia. The investment business is not only limited to the oil and gas field, but also has expanded to solar energy, wind energy, hydropower and other renewable electricity generation projects. (4) China is a global manufacturing and trading power. Under the background of deepening globalization, part of China's energy is embodied the global production network and trade network for redistribution. The scope of energy interaction between China and the world is further expanded to countries with general commodity trade relations with China, forming the global "energy hub" function. This study can provide a theoretical perspective and decision-making basis for deeply understanding the energy interaction between China and the world, ensuring national energy security and participating in global energy economic governance.
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