Lithium Ion Batteries Operated at -100℃

作者：盖建丽; 杨纪荣; 杨伟^*; 李泉; 吴晓东; 李泓^*

来源：Chinese Physics Letters, 2023, 40(08): 46-54.

Enabling lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)to operate in a wider temperature range, e.g., as low or high as possible or capable of both, is an urgent need and shared goal. Here we report, for the first time, a low-temperature electrolyte consisting of traditional ethylene carbonate, methyl acetate, butyronitrile solvents, and 1 M LiPF6 salt,attributed to its very low freezing point(Tf =-126.3℃) and high ion conductivity at extremely low temperatures(0.21 m S/cm at -100℃), successfully extends the service temperature of a practical 9.6 Ah LIB down to -100℃(49.6% capacity retention compared to that at room temperature), which is the lowest temperature reported for practical cells so far as we know, and is lower than the lowest natural temperature(-89.2℃) recorded on earth.Meanwhile, the high-temperature performance of lithium-ion batteries is not affected. The capacity retention is 88.2% and 83.4% after 800 cycles at 25℃ and 45℃, respectively. The progress also makes LIB a proper power supplier for space vehicles in astronautic explorations.

• 单位
  中国科学技术大学; 中国科学院大学